Garrod Hypothesized That Inherited Diseases Such as Alkaptonuria,the Inability to Metabolize

question 65

Multiple Choice

Garrod hypothesized that inherited diseases such as alkaptonuria,the inability to metabolize the chemical alkapton,occur because

• A)metabolic enzymes require vitamin cofactors,and affected individuals have significant nutritional deficiencies.
• B)many metabolic enzymes use DNA as a cofactor,and affected individuals have mutations that prevent their enzymes from interacting efficiently with DNA.
• C)certain metabolic reactions are carried out by ribozymes,and affected individuals lack key splicing factors.
• D)genes dictate the production of specific enzymes,and affected individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes.

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Definitions:

Pressure Receptors

Sensory nerve endings that respond to changes in pressure, especially those in the cardiovascular system that help regulate blood pressure.

Smell Receptors

Specialized nerve cells located in the nose that detect chemical molecules in the air and transmit signals to the brain, resulting in the perception of odors.

Chemoreceptors

Sensory receptors that respond to chemical stimuli, found in various locations in the body, crucial for detecting changes in chemical composition.

Thermoreceptors

Specialized nerve cells that are able to detect changes in temperature, sending signals to the brain about the body’s external and internal temperature.