The Orbits of the Planets Can Be Modeled Easily by Assuming

question 33

Essay

The orbits of the planets can be modeled easily by assuming i). that the sun is a perfect sphere and ii). that each planet is influenced only by the gravitational field of the sun (that is, each planet is unperturbed by gravitational forces from other planets, distant stars, etc.). According to Newton's (classical) theory of gravity, these assumptions result in elliptical planetary orbits with the sun at one focus. That is, the orbit can be described by the polar equation . However, according to Einstein's (relativistic) theory of gravitation, the orbits are more accurately described by , where is a constant such that . Describe how the inclusion of the factor affects the orbit. That is, compare the classical orbit to the relativistic orbit. How do they differ? Draw figures that summarize the differences in the classical and relativistic orbits.

---

Definitions:

Nonverbal Communication

The process of conveying a message without the use of words, through gestures, facial expressions, and body language.

Verbal Messages

Communication involving words, spoken or written, to convey information or feelings.

Culture

Culture encompasses the ideas, customs, social behaviors, and artifacts of a particular society, group, or time, shaping individuals' beliefs and lifestyles.

Display Rules

Norms that govern the appropriate display of emotions in a culture.