In a Baseball Game a Base-Runner Can Attempt to Advance

question 31

Multiple Choice

In a baseball game a base-runner can attempt to advance when a fielder catches a hit ball before it reaches the ground, so long as the runner doesn't leave base before the fielder catches the ball. The fielder then attempts to throw the ball to the base ahead of the runner. If a base-runner can run from 3rd base to home plate in 4.0 sec, how fast must the centerfielder's throw leave his hand if he makes the catch then immediately throws the ball 350 ft from home plate? Assume the base-runner leaves his base at the same instant the centerfielder throws the ball, and that the ball reaches the catcher standing over home plate at the same height from which it was thrown and at the same time the runner would reach the plate. [Hint: This is basically a problem of determining how much initial vertical velocity the ball needs to stay in the air long enough to reach the plate.]

• A) 88 ft/sec
• B) 64 ft/sec
• C) 108 ft/sec
• D) 152 ft/sec

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Definitions:

Unconditional Reinforcement

A form of reinforcement in operant conditioning that is given consistently every time a desired response is made.

Unconditioned Response

An automatic, natural reaction to a stimulus that does not depend on prior learning.

Meat Powder

A processed product made from dried and powdered meat, used as a flavoring or nutritional supplement.

Unconditioned Response

A natural, unlearned reaction to an unconditioned stimulus that occurs without previous conditioning.