Tetrodotoxin Blocks Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels, and Ouabain Blocks Sodium-Potassium Pumps

question 4

Multiple Choice

Tetrodotoxin blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, and ouabain blocks sodium-potassium pumps. If you added both tetrodotoxin and ouabain to a solution containing neural tissue, what responses would you expect?

• A) immediate loss of resting potential
• B) immediate loss of action potential with gradual shift of resting potential
• C) slow decrease of resting potential and action potential amplitudes
• D) No effect; the substances counteract each other.

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Definitions:

Union Officers

Military leaders or officials in the Union army during the American Civil War.

Confederacy

A league or alliance, especially of states or groups. Historically, it also refers to the Confederate States of America, a collection of 11 southern states that seceded from the United States in 1860-1861.

Northern Officers

Military leaders from the Northern states of the United States, notably the Union side during the American Civil War, who held command positions.

Battle of Bull Run

The Battle of Bull Run refers to two significant battles during the American Civil War, known as the Battle of First Bull Run (or First Manassas) in 1861 and the Battle of Second Bull Run (or Second Manassas) in 1862, both named after a nearby creek in Virginia.