Due to Its System of Air Sacs Connected to the Lungs

question 40

Multiple Choice

Due to its system of air sacs connected to the lungs, the respiratory system of birds is arguably the most effective respiratory system of all air-breathers. Upon inhalation, air first flows into posterior air sacs, then into the lungs, and then into anterior air sacs on the way to being exhaled. Thus, there is one-way flow of air through the lungs, along thousands of tubules called parabronchi.
-If the inner lining of the air sacs is neither thin nor highly vascularised, then what can be inferred about the air sacs?

• A) They must not belong to the respiratory system.
• B) They cannot be derived from endoderm.
• C) They are not efficient sites of gas exchange between air and blood.
• D) They cannot effectively moisturise the air before it reaches the lungs.