Toilets Are a Modern Convenience That People Often Take for Granted

question 45

Multiple Choice

Toilets are a modern convenience that people often take for granted. In fact, they are helpful in preventing spread of disease because ________.

• A) disease-causing insects die quickly in faecal-contaminated water
• B) toilets disinfect human faeces
• C) many diseases are transmitted by flying insects
• D) many parasites release fertilised eggs in the faeces of humans and other animals

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Definitions:

Expected Monetary Value

A statistical concept that calculates the average outcome of a future event that may or may not happen, taking into account all possible scenarios and their probabilities.

Average Payoff

The expected outcome or return of an investment or decision averaged over all possible scenarios.

Expected Value

The predicted value of a variable, calculated as the weighted average of all possible values this variable can take; each value is weighted by its probability of occurrence.

Perfect Information

Perfect Information refers to a situation where all participants have comprehensive knowledge of all relevant aspects, eliminating uncertainty.