Orchid Seeds Are Tiny, with Virtually No Endosperm and with Miniscule

question 19

Multiple Choice

Orchid seeds are tiny, with virtually no endosperm and with miniscule cotyledons. If such seeds are deposited in a dark, moist environment, then which of the following represents the most likely means by which fungi might assist in seed germination, given what the seeds lack?

• A) by transferring some chloroplasts to the embryo in each seed
• B) by providing the seeds with water and minerals
• C) by providing the embryos with some of the organic nutrients the fungi have absorbed
• D) by strengthening the seed coat that surrounds each seed

Compare and contrast Skinner's theory with other psychological theories.

Understand the concept of reinforcement and its types in Skinner's theory.

Identify behavior changes based on positive and negative reinforcements.

Discuss the impact of environment and reinforcement on behavior according to Skinner.

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Definitions:

Psychodynamic

Refers to a psychological approach that emphasizes the unconscious processes influencing behavior, stemming from early experiences.

Self-Directed Aggression

Behaviors in which an individual inflicts harm upon themselves, often as a manifestation of psychological distress.

Humanist

An individual who focuses on the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, often emphasizing the importance of human dignity and concerns.

Bizarre Ways

Unusual or odd methods and behaviors that deviate significantly from what is considered normal or typical.