Which of the Following Statements Is Accurate with Regard to the Observation

question 16

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is accurate with regard to the observation that "income levels in countries hard hit by malaria are 33% lower than in similar countries free of the disease"?

• A) This observation suggests that symptoms from malaria cause patients to lose pay because they miss work.
• B) This observation is an example of a correlation and therefore causality cannot be inferred as confidently as if we have results from a manipulated experiment.
• C) In order to understand the cause of this observation, scientists should eradicate malaria in 10 countries but not in 10 other comparable countries in order to experimentally test whether malaria caused the low income levels.
• D) The observation demonstrates that correlations provide excellent indications of causality.

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Definitions:

Internal States

Psychological conditions or feelings that arise from within an individual, such as emotions, moods, desires, or motivations.

Conscious Behaviors

Actions and responses that involve awareness and purposeful decision-making.

Association

A connection or linkage between two ideas, concepts, or events, often based on prior experience or learning.

Observational Learning

A learning process in which a person observes and models another's behavior, attitudes, or emotional expressions.