In this eight-year experiment, 12 populations of E. coli, each begun from a single cell, were grown in low-glucose conditions for 20,000 generations. Each culture was introduced to fresh growth medium every 24 hours. Occasionally, samples were removed from the populations, and their fitness in low-glucose conditions was tested against that of members sampled from the ancestral (common ancestor) E. coli population. 
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Which term best describes what has occurred among the experimental populations of cells over this eight-year period?
Definitions:
Reserve Requirement
Central bank regulations regarding the minimum amount of reserves that commercial banks must hold against deposits.
Margin Requirements
The minimum amount of equity that must be maintained in a margin account as mandated by brokers or exchanges.
Discount Rate
The interest rate charged to commercial banks and other depository institutions on loans they receive from their regional Federal Reserve Bank's lending facility.
Money Market Instruments
Short-term financial instruments that are highly liquid and designed for cash management by investors, including treasury bills, commercial paper, and certificates of deposit.
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