In This Eight-Year Experiment, 12 Populations of E

question 17

Multiple Choice

In this eight-year experiment, 12 populations of E. coli, each begun from a single cell, were grown in low-glucose conditions for 20,000 generations. Each culture was introduced to fresh growth medium every 24 hours. Occasionally, samples were removed from the populations, and their fitness in low-glucose conditions was tested against that of members sampled from the ancestral (common ancestor) E. coli population.
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The cells in the 12 cell lines grown in low-glucose conditions showed the effects of which of the following processes?

• A) gene flow and genetic drift
• B) natural selection and mutation
• C) natural selection and gene flow
• D) conjugation and transformation

Calculate net worth and understand its importance in personal financial planning.

Analyze energy and utility usage to make cost-effective decisions.

Understand and calculate electric rates and compare them to ascertain cost-effectiveness.

Calculate the cost of energy usage given a specific rate and energy consumption.

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Definitions:

Directional Selection

A form of natural selection where one extreme phenotype is favored over others, causing the allele frequency to shift in one direction.

Extreme Phenotype

The manifestation of traits at the extreme endpoints of a genetic expression spectrum.

Inbreeding

The breeding of closely related individuals, which increases the risk of offspring inheriting genetic defects.

Nonrandom Mating

A mating pattern in which individuals choose partners based on particular traits, leading to non-random distribution of alleles in the population.