A Phylogenetic Tree Is Shown for the Three Domains of Life

question 69

Multiple Choice

A phylogenetic tree is shown for the three domains of life (Eukarya, Archaea, and Bacteria) . The tree branches in two directions from the first point, labelled Common ancestor of all life. One branch leads in the direction of Eukarya and Archaea, and the other branch leads to Bacteria. The branch leading to Eukarya and Archaea divide, one branch leading to each domain. The branch leading to Eukarya divides into four branches. One leads to Euglenozoans, and the other three lead to branching points. The first leads to Forams in one direction, and another branching point in the other that leads to Diatoms and Ciliates. The second branching point leads to Red algae in one direction, and a branching point that leads to green algae and land plants in the other direction. The third branching point leads to amoebas in one direction, and a branching point that leads to fungi and animals in the other direction. Land plants, Fungi and Animals are all highlighted.
Cyanobacteria were once called "blue-green algae" because they are photosynthetic. According to the phylogeny shown, the cyanobacteria are more closely related to gram-positive bacteria than to ________.

• A) proteobacteria
• B) green algae
• C) euglenozoans
• D) crenarcheotes

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Definitions:

Formalization

The extent to which rules, procedures, and standards are written and strictly adhered to in an organization.

Tall Organizational Structures

An organizational design characterized by multiple layers of management and a narrow span of control, often resulting in slower decision-making.

Spans of Control

The number of subordinates directly managed by a supervisor, impacting the supervisor's workload and management efficiency.

Supervision

The act of overseeing or directing work and workers.