Based on Research Conducted with Nonhuman Animals, It Is Reasonable

question 132

Multiple Choice

Based on research conducted with nonhuman animals, it is reasonable to conclude that aggression __________.

• A) is not inevitable, but instead an optional strategy
• B) may be instinctive; very few species are able to suppress aggressive urges
• C) is not instinctive, but rather solely a result of learned processes
• D) is instinctive in all species except humans

Understand the fundamental concepts of behavior and behavior modification.

Define and distinguish between antecedents, behavior, and consequences.

Identify and explain the principles of reinforcement and punishment including their role in shaping behavior.

Recognize the importance of objective over subjective descriptions of behavior.

---

Definitions:

Premature Ejaculation

A type of sexual dysfunction where ejaculation happens almost always before or within around a minute of vaginal penetration.

Paraphilias

Atypical sexual interests that may involve non-consenting partners, extreme or risky activities, or discomfort to oneself or others.

Gender Identity Disorder

An older term previously used to describe what is now better understood as gender dysphoria, marked by a strong identification with a gender different from one's biological sex.

Abnormal Object Desire Syndrome

Refers to a paraphilic interest where there is a strong desire or attraction to inanimate objects; not officially recognized in major diagnostic manuals.