A Participant Was Given Practice in Solving the "Jealous Husbands

question 4

Multiple Choice

A participant was given practice in solving the "jealous husbands" problem and was then tested with the "hobbits and orcs" problem. The participant, however, was unable to figure out how to map the problems onto one another. That the "hobbits and orcs" solution lies in mapping is evident in the fact that:

• A) in solving the "hobbits and orcs" problem, the participant asked herself, "What else do I know about hobbits and orcs?"
• B) the participant was unpersuaded that an analogy would be helpful
• C) the participant was unable to think of an analogous case even though she tried to do so
• D) the participant didn't realize that the rule "Orcs cannot outnumber hobbits" corresponds to the rule "Husbands cannot be left alone with other men's wives"

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Definitions:

Consumer Surplus

The gap between what consumers are ready and able to expend for a good or service and what they actually spend.

Price Ceiling

A legally imposed limit on the price that can be charged for a good or service, typically set below the equilibrium price.

Excess Demand

A situation where the quantity demanded of a good or service exceeds the quantity supplied at a particular price, often leading to upward pressure on prices.

Consumer Surplus

The disparity between the cumulative amount consumers are willing to pay for a product or service and the amount they actually pay.