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Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 191

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario II
Scenario II is based on fabricated data inspired by the following study:
Holtfreter, K., Reisig, M. D. & Turanovic, J. J. (2015) . Depression and infrequent participation in social activities among older adults: the moderating role of high-quality familial ties. Aging and Mental Health, Oct 15:1-10. [Epub ahead of print].
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between family ties and depression in the elderly. To that end, Holtfreter and colleagues randomly dialed telephone numbers from Florida and Arizona telephone directory databases that contained a combined total of 4130 phone numbers. Of the 4130 numbers dialed, 2000 individuals older than 60 years answered the call and agreed to participate in the telephone survey. The survey included questions that assessed one's level of social activity, depression, and family ties. The results revealed that elderly individuals who reported being very happy with their children and with their partner were significantly less depressed than those whose family ties were less strong. In addition, the researchers found that those who were depressed were less likely to participate in social activities. The results of this study suggest that family is an important contributor to psychological and social well-being.
-(Scenario II) The questions the researchers in Scenario II asked participants to assess depression came from the Geriatric Depression Scale, a widely used instrument known to accurately quantify depression in the elderly population. With this information, you conclude that their assessment of depression is:

Definitions:

Reticular Activating System

A network of neurons located in the brainstem that regulates wakefulness and sleep-wake transitions.

Falling Asleep

The process by which a person transitions from wakefulness to sleep.

REM Sleep

A sleep stage characterized by rapid eye movement, dreaming, and increased brain activity.

NREM Sleep

Non-Rapid Eye Movement sleep, a restorative sleep phase characterized by reduced physiological activity and is divided into stages reflecting depth of sleep.