The Belief That Ethical Decisions Should Be Based on Acting

question 104

Multiple Choice

The belief that ethical decisions should be based on acting in accordance with one's own self-interest is known as _____, whereas the belief that ethical decisions should be based on helping without personal benefit is known as _____.

• A) the utilitarian perspective; the altruistic perspective
• B) egoism; the utilitarian perspective
• C) the utilitarian perspective; egoism
• D) egoism; the altruistic perspective

---

Definitions:

Variable Ratio

In the context of behavioral psychology, it's a reinforcement schedule where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses, often used in gambling and sales strategies.

Fixed-Interval Reinforcement

is a schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded only after a specified amount of time has elapsed, resulting in a pattern of behavior that increases as the time for the next reward draws near.

Advertising Wearout

The phenomenon where repeated exposure to an advertisement leads to decreased consumer attention and diminished effectiveness.

Stimulus Discrimination

the ability to differentiate between similar stimuli and respond differently based on their distinct features.