If Two Variables Are Negatively Associated, Then Above-Average Values of One

question 21

Multiple Choice

If two variables are negatively associated, then above-average values of one tend to accompany:

• A) below-average values of the other.
• B) above-average values of the other.
• C) oppositely signed values of the other.
• D) negatively signed values of the other.

---

Definitions:

Negative Reinforcement

A behavior modification technique that increases the likelihood of a behavior by removing or avoiding a negative outcome or stimulus.

Electric Shock

A sudden discharge of electricity through a part of the body, capable of causing injury or various physiological effects.

Lever

A simple machine consisting of a rigid bar that pivots on a fixed point to lift or move loads with one end when force is applied to the other.

Punishments

Consequences applied with the intent of reducing or eliminating an unwanted behavior.