How Many Arcs Are Required to Make a Spanning Tree

question 8

Multiple Choice

How many arcs are required to make a spanning tree in a network with n nodes and m arcs?

• A) n
• B) n − 1
• C) m
• D) m − 1

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Definitions:

Normally Distributed

A type of continuous probability distribution for a real-valued random variable whose graph forms the shape of a bell curve, often associated with the standard deviations and mean in data analysis.

Residuals

Differences between observed values and the values predicted by a model, showing the extent of deviation from a fit line.

Test Statistic F

The ratio of two variances that follows an F-distribution, used in statistical methods like ANOVA to determine the significance of group differences.

Degrees of Freedom

The number of independent values or quantities that can be assigned to a statistical distribution without violating any constraints.