What Do Edna Bonacich and Richard Appelbaum Mean When They

question 16

Multiple Choice

What do Edna Bonacich and Richard Appelbaum mean when they write about a global "race to the bottom" in the retail-dominated production of clothing?

• A)Clothing retailers and manufacturers race to get out new products before anyone else and thus foment innovation and increasing quality in the sector.
• B)Retailers and manufacturers will go anywhere on earth to pay the lowest possible wages, which results in dismal wages for workers-who are often mere children.
• C)As the manufacture of clothing for large retailers was increasingly centered around areas of the Southern Hemisphere, competition for workers gradually brought wages up in these parts of the world.
• D)A manufacturing race has been on for more than twenty years, and it pits large northern retailers against southern manufacturers.
• E)The racial composition of workers in the manufacture and retailing of clothing has changed dramatically by including more people of color.

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Definitions:

Trial Court

A court in which most civil or criminal cases start when they first enter the legal system. The parties present evidence and call witnesses to testify. Trial courts are referred to as courts of common pleas or county courts in state court systems and as district courts in the federal system. Also called court of original jurisdiction and court of first instance.

Final Judgment

The last court ruling in a legal case that resolves the matters in dispute and determines the rights and obligations of the parties involved.

Federal Jurisdiction

The legal authority of the federal government to govern or legislate on certain issues and cases, as distinct from state jurisdiction.

Conditional Jurisdiction

A legal principle where a court has the authority to hear a case based on certain conditions being met.