The Postconventional Level in Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Reasoning Is

question 164

Multiple Choice

The postconventional level in Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning is characterized by moral reasoning:

• A) based on self-interest and on avoiding punishment and maximizing personal gain.
• B) that is guided by external consequences with no internalization of values or rules.
• C) guided by conformity to social roles, rules, obligations, and expectations.
• D) that is guided by internalized legal and moral principles that protect the rights of all members of society.

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Definitions:

Negative Externality

An economic situation where a third party is negatively affected by the actions of others, typically not reflected in the cost of those actions, such as pollution.

Common-Resource Problem

A dilemma in the management of resources that are available to all but are susceptible to overuse and depletion because they are not excludable.

Nontoll Roads

Public roads that can be used without paying a fee, financed by taxes rather than direct user charges.

Public Goods

Products or services that are non-excludable and non-rivalrous, meaning they can be consumed by one person without preventing simultaneous consumption by others.