Why Can't Heritability Estimates Be Used to Explain Group Differences

question 9

Multiple Choice

Why can't heritability estimates be used to explain group differences in intelligence?

• A) Heritability estimates can only be used to predict individual variation from standardized test scores, and do not apply to group differences.
• B) Heritability estimates apply only to characteristics that are determined by a single gene or gene pair.
• C) Heritability estimates can only be applied to differences within a particular group, because environmental conditions vary for different groups.
• D) Heritability estimates only apply to intelligence scores that are averaged over a period of at least 20 years, and group data does not exist for that period.

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Definitions:

Real-world Complications

Unforeseen or complex issues that arise during the implementation of theoretical plans or strategies in practical situations.

OM Models

Operations Management models are mathematical or simulation-based frameworks used for decision-making in optimizing production and operations processes.

Trial-and-Error

A technique for resolving issues that entails persistent, diverse efforts, persisted with until a successful outcome is achieved or the individual ceases to make attempts.

Probability Distribution

A mathematical function that describes the likelihood of different outcomes in a random event.