What Discovery Sparked Pavlov's Interest in the Phenomenon That Eventually

question 313

Multiple Choice

What discovery sparked Pavlov's interest in the phenomenon that eventually became known as classical conditioning?

• A) Dogs that were repeatedly restrained while shocked displayed learned helplessness.
• B) Dogs displayed exploratory behavior when the experimenter was not in the room.
• C) Dogs displayed a reflexive response before the stimulus was presented rather than after it was presented.
• D) Dogs became hypersensitive to sounds, such as ringing bells and footsteps.

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Definitions:

Framing Effects

The influence on decision-making and judgment caused by the way information is presented, where different phrasing, presentation, or context can significantly alter individuals' choices.

Self-Serving Bias

A cognitive bias where individuals attribute positive outcomes to their own actions but negative outcomes to external factors.

System 2

A term often associated with dual-process theories of mind, representing the analytical, deliberate, and logical mode of thinking.

Framing Effects

Cognitive biases where people's decisions are influenced by the way information is presented, rather than just the information itself.