Roy Is Having Trouble Passing His Calculus Course

question 210

Multiple Choice

Roy is having trouble passing his calculus course. No matter how hard he studies, he cannot seem to pass a calculus test. Eventually, Roy gives up and stops studying or even coming to calculus class. Roy's behavior can be explained as an example of:

• A) the partial reinforcement effect.
• B) classical conditioning.
• C) biological preparedness.
• D) learned helplessness.

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Definitions:

Ganglion Cells

Type of neurons located in the retina that receive visual information from photoreceptors via intermediate bipolar cells and transmit it to the brain.

Bipolar Cells

Neurons located in the middle layer of the retina that play a crucial role in transmitting visual information from the photoreceptors to the ganglion cells.

Feature Detectors

Nerve cells in the brain’s visual cortex that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement.

Optic Nerve

The nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain.