The Tendency to Attribute Successful Behavior to Internal, Personal Characteristics

question 322

Multiple Choice

The tendency to attribute successful behavior to internal, personal characteristics is to _____ as the tendency to blame ourselves for our failures while downplaying our successes is to _____.

• A) self-serving bias; self-effacing bias
• B) fundamental attribution bias; just-world hypothesis
• C) self-effacing bias; self-serving bias
• D) hindsight bias; blaming the victim

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Definitions:

Self-Reference Effect

A phenomenon in cognitive psychology where information related to oneself is more easily remembered than unrelated information.

Memory

The cognitive process whereby information is encoded, stored, and retrieved, enabling past experiences to influence future behavior.

Conniving

Acting in a scheming or deceitful way, often with the intention to achieve an end through trickery or manipulation.

Associating

The process of connecting thoughts, feelings, or ideas together in the mind or in relationships with others.