Which of the Following Descriptions Is a Definition of the Confirmation

question 120

Multiple Choice

Which of the following descriptions is a definition of the confirmation bias?

• A) the tendency to seek out evidence that confirms a claim or belief, while ignoring evidence that contradicts or undermines the claim or belief
• B) the belief that irrefutable or nonfalsifiable claims can be used to confirm the existence of pseudoscientific methods and practices
• C) the tendency for subtle cues or signals, expressed by the researcher, to bias participants so that they attempt to confirm the hypothesis being tested
• D) the belief that testimonials are the best type of empirical evidence to confirm pseudoscientific claims

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Definitions:

Openness to Experience

A personality trait that features characteristics such as imagination and insight, and those high in this trait also tend to have a broad range of interests.

Boringness

The quality or state of being uninteresting, monotonous, or tedious.

Cleanliness

The state of being clean and free from dirt, and the process of achieving and maintaining that state.

Individualist Cultures

Cultures in which the self is regarded as autonomous, and individual goals and wishes are prized above duty and relations with others.