When Kathy Is in the Shower and Someone Flushes the Toilet,the

question 63

Multiple Choice

When Kathy is in the shower and someone flushes the toilet,the water turns hot and she gets burned.Soon,Kathy becomes classically conditioned to fear the toilet flushing when she is in the shower.When Kathy visits her parents she does not get burned when someone flushes the toilet while she is in the shower.When she returns home and hears the toilet flush while in the shower,Kathy immediately feels a surge of fear.This example best illustrates the fact that extinction is

• A) a form of learning that inhibits, not deletes, what is learned.
• B) an adaptive response to delete information from memory associations.
• C) a useful tendency to try to readapt old learning strategies to novel problems.
• D) the basis for non-associative learning when applied to unfamiliar situations.

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Definitions:

Interest Groups

are organized groups of individuals or organizations that seek to influence public policy and decision-making to favor their shared interests or goals, often through lobbying, advocacy, or campaigns.

Gender Gap

The discrepancy in opportunities, status, attitudes, and pay between men and women.

Power Elite

A small group of powerful individuals, often from business, government, and the military, who hold significant power and influence over a society.

Autonomous State

A self-governing and independent political entity.