A Rational Decision Maker Takes an Action If and Only

question 9

Multiple Choice

A rational decision maker takes an action if and only if

• A) the marginal benefit of the action exceeds the marginal cost of the action.
• B) the marginal cost of the action exceeds the marginal benefit of the action.
• C) the marginal cost of the action is zero.
• D) the opportunity cost of the action is zero.

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Definitions:

Fixed Budget

A financial plan that does not change or fluctuate with the volume of business activity.

Standard Costs

Predetermined costs for the production of goods or services, used as benchmarks to measure actual performance and manage costs.

Actual Costs

Actual costs are the genuine expenditures incurred by a company, as opposed to estimated costs, during a given period for production, services, or other activities.

Reasonableness

A test or criterion to evaluate whether the assumptions or outputs of a financial model or decision are logical and align with real-world expectations.