A Music Teacher Had Noticed That Some Students Went to Pieces

question 3

Multiple Choice

A music teacher had noticed that some students went to pieces during exams. He wanted to test whether this performance anxiety was different for people playing different instruments. He took groups of guitarists, drummers and pianists (variable = 'Instru') and measured their anxiety (variable = 'Anxiety') during the exam. He also noted the type of exam they were performing (in the UK, musical instrument exams are known as 'grades' and range from 1 to 8) . He wanted to see whether the type of instrument played affected performance anxiety when accounting for the grade of the exam.
- Which of the following statements best reflects what the tables below tell us?

• A)Guitarists were significantly less anxious than pianists and drummers, and drummers were significantly more anxious than pianists.
• B)Guitarists were significantly less anxious than drummers, but were about as anxious as pianists, and drummers were about as anxious as pianists.
• C)Guitarists were significantly less anxious than pianists and drummers, and drummers were significantly less anxious than pianists.
• D)Guitarists, drummers and pianists were all about equally anxious.

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Definitions:

Direct Materials

Raw materials that are directly traceable to the manufacturing of a specific product.

Actual Hours

The real number of hours worked, as opposed to planned or scheduled hours.

Standard Cost System

An accounting method that uses cost estimates for materials, labor, and overhead to control business costs.

Variable Overhead Spending Variance

The difference between the actual variable overhead incurred and the expected (or standard) variable overhead based on the actual level of production activity.