The Total Variation in Response, Assuming No Bias, Is Due

question 16

Multiple Choice

The total variation in response, assuming no bias, is due to error (unexplained variation) plus differences due to treatments (known variation) . If known variation is large compared to unknown variation, which of the following conclusions can be drawn?

• A) There is no difference in response due to treatments.
• B) There is a difference in response due to treatments.
• C) The treatments are not comparable.
• D) The cause of the response is due to something other than treatments.

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Definitions:

Bandura

Albert Bandura was a distinguished psychologist, renowned for his contributions to the social learning theory and the notion of self-efficacy.

Observational Learning

Observational learning is the process of acquiring new behaviors or knowledge by watching and imitating others, a key concept of social learning theory.

Learned Helplessness

Learned helplessness is a condition in which a person suffers from a sense of powerlessness, arising from a traumatic event or persistent failure to succeed. It is the learned belief that one's actions have no effect on the environment.

Seligman

Martin E.P. Seligman, a psychologist known for his work on positive psychology, learned helplessness, and theories on happiness and well-being.