In a T-Test to Determine Whether Analgesia or a Placebo

question 22

Multiple Choice

In a t-test to determine whether analgesia or a placebo provide pain relief, the t-value obtained for the two-tailed probability p is found to be a low number at p = .042. What can be deduced about this result?

• A) There is a 4.2% chance that the null hypothesis will be true.
• B) There is a 2.1% chance that the null hypothesis will be true.
• C) There is a 4.2% chance that the null hypothesis will be false.
• D) There is a 2.1% chance that the null hypothesis will be false.

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Definitions:

Action Research

A participatory process that combines action and research to solve problems and generate knowledge.

Participant Observation

A research method used primarily in qualitative research where the researcher immerses themselves in the environment of their subjects, observing and sometimes participating in their activities to gather data from an insider's perspective.

Validity Checks

Techniques used in research to ensure that the instruments, procedures, and data collection methods accurately measure what they are intended to.

Participant Action Research

A methodology in social research where researchers actively engage and collaborate with participants in the research process to effect change.