A Covariance Structure Needs to Be Applied to Multilevel Modelling

question 2

Multiple Choice

A covariance structure needs to be applied to multilevel modelling when there are random effects or repeated measures incorporated into the design. These are important as they provide an estimate of the model parameters, but what happens if you apply a covariance structure that is too simple?

• A) It increases the likelihood of making a Type I error.
• B) It increases the likelihood of making a Type II error.
• C) It increases the likelihood of making a Type I or Type II error.
• D) It increases the likelihood of accepting the null hypothesis when it is false.

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Definitions:

Motive

An internal process that energizes, guides, and maintains behavior towards achieving a goal.

Stomach Contractions

The involuntary movements of the stomach muscles, often associated with the digestive process or sometimes with feelings of hunger.

Hunger

The physical sensation of needing food.

Fat Cells

Also known as adipocytes, these are cells that specialize in storing energy in the form of fat and play roles in regulating metabolism.