The Common Wasp (Vespula Vulgaris), the Hover Fly (Helophilus Pendulus)

question 16

Essay

The common wasp (Vespula vulgaris), the hover fly (Helophilus pendulus), and the hornet clearwing (Sesia apiformis) all exhibit similar colour patterns, but only the wasp is harmful. What benefit, if any, do the hornet and fly gain from having colouring similar to that of the wasp?

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