In Order to Survive in the Geothermally Heated Soils of Yellowstone

question 49

Multiple Choice

In order to survive in the geothermally heated soils of Yellowstone National Park, Dichanthelium lanuginosum requires what mutualism(s) ?

• A) The virus CThTV (Curvularia thermal tolerance virus) must be present in the soil, allowing the fungus Curvularia protuberata to live in the soil. Dichanthelium requires this fungus to live in the thermally heated soil.
• B) The virus CThTV must be present in the soil, which allows Dicanthelium to live in thermally heated soil. Once established, Dicanthelium needs Curvularia to fix nitrogen for growth.
• C) The fungus Curvularia must be present in the soil in order for it to inoculate Dicanthelium with CThTV.
• D) CThTV must be present in the soil for both Dicanthelium and Curvularia protuberata to live; Curvularia provides nitrogen for Dicanthelium.

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Definitions:

Plethysmogram

A graph or recording that measures changes in volume within an organ or whole body (often the blood volume changes in the limbs).

Pressure Wave

A type of wave mechanism that occurs when a fluid or gas changes velocity, often seen in the circulatory system as a pulse.

Blood Volume

The total amount of blood circulating within an individual's vascular system.

Ventricular Systole

The phase of the heartbeat when the ventricles contract, pumping blood out of the heart and into the arteries.