The neutral theory predicts a constant rate of substitutions per generation; however, molecular clock estimates show that substitutions accumulate annually regardless of the generation time. What explanation for this discrepancy is illustrated in the figure? 
Definitions:
Df
Short for Degrees of Freedom, it represents the number of independent pieces of information available to estimate another piece of information.
F-Ratio
A statistical value used to compare variances in analyses of variance (ANOVA), indicating the ratio of systematic variance to error variance.
Factor B
Factor B usually represents a variable or an element in an experiment that is manipulated to observe its effect on an outcome, distinguishable from Factor A.
MSB
Mean Square Between; a term used in ANOVA to describe the average of squared differences between group means and the overall mean.
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