Before Charles Darwin, Scientists Such as Jean-Baptiste Lamarck Envisioned Evolutionary

question 19

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Before Charles Darwin, scientists such as Jean-Baptiste Lamarck envisioned evolutionary change as transformational-properties of an ensemble change because every member of the ensemble changes. Darwin's theory of evolutionary change was, by contrast, a variational one-the properties of an ensemble change because of the action of some sorting process acting on preexisting variation within the ensemble. Referring to the figure, describe the kind of sorting process that takes place (a) when we use artificial selection to change the characteristics of a breed of animals or plants and (b) when natural selection operates on a population.

Distinguish between infants' abilities to discriminate tastes and odors.

Differentiate among infant temperaments and their adaptation to new circumstances.

Understand the role and indicators of classical conditioning in infant behavior.

Identify the signs and developmental timeline of colic in infants.

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Definitions:

Prokaryotes

Unicellular organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles, with bacteria and archaea being the primary examples.

Nucleotides

Fundamental components of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, made up of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing base.

Amino Acid

Organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins, which are crucial for most biological processes.

Grouping

Grouping refers to the organization or arrangement of individuals, objects, or ideas into categories or clusters based on shared characteristics or themes.