Suppose That Cigarette Smokers Create a Negative Externality

question 6

Multiple Choice

Suppose that cigarette smokers create a negative externality. Further suppose that the government imposes a tax on cigarettes equal to the per-unit externality. What is the relationship between the after-tax equilibrium quantity and the socially optimal quantity of cigarettes?

• A)They are equal.
• B)The after-tax equilibrium quantity is greater than the socially optimal quantity.
• C)The after-tax equilibrium quantity is less than the socially optimal quantity.
• D)There is not enough information to answer the question.

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Definitions:

Special Causes

Special causes, in the context of quality control, refer to unusual, unpredictable factors that cause variations in a process, distinguishing them from common causes.

Common Causes

Factors that consistently contribute to a process's variability; inherent within the process and usually indicative of systemic issues.

Variation

The extent to which data points in a dataset differ from each other and from their average value.

Control Chart

A graphical tool used in process control to display how a process varies over time and to detect whether a process is statistically controlled.