Figure 17-4

question 280

Multiple Choice

Figure 17-4. Aaron and Ed are roommates. After a big snowstorm, their driveway needs to be shoveled. Each person has to decide whether to take part in shoveling the driveway. At the end of the day, either the driveway will be shoveled (if one or both roommates take part in shoveling) , or it will remain unshoveled (if neither roommate shovels) . With happiness measured on a scale of 1 (very unhappy) to 10 (very happy) , the possible outcomes are as follows:
-Refer to Figure 17-4. In pursuing his own self-interest, Ed will

• A)refrain from shoveling whether or not Aaron shovels.
• B)shovel only if Aaron shovels.
• C)shovel only if Aaron refrains from shoveling.
• D)shovel whether or not Aaron shovels.

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Definitions:

Encoding Strategies

Methods or techniques used to enhance memory retention, such as chunking, mnemonic devices, and rehearsal.

Possible Selves

Self-schemas for whom one may be in the future; these include the ideal self and the ought self.

Promotion Focus

An orientation to actively pursue valued goals thought to arise when we compare our actual self to our ideal self.

Ideal Self

A person's conception of how they would like to be, often serving as a standard for self-guidance and evaluation.