Table 22-2 Three Longtime Friends-Allen, Brian, and Cody-Are Deciding How They Will

question 293

Multiple Choice

Table 22-2
Three longtime friends-Allen, Brian, and Cody-are deciding how they will spend their Sunday afternoon. They all agree that they should do one of three things: go to a movie, play golf, or go to a baseball game. They also agree that they will have two pairwise votes to determine how to spend their afternoon, with the majority determining the outcome on each vote. The first, second, and third choices for each person are as indicated in the table below.
-Refer to Table 22-2. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the Condorcet paradox and the results of pairwise voting by Allen, Brian, and Cody?

• A)The paradox implies that pairwise voting never produces transitive preferences, and so the voting by Allen, Brian, and Cody fails to produce transitive preferences.
• B)The paradox implies that pairwise voting sometimes (but not always) produces transitive preferences, and the voting by Allen, Brian, and Cody does produce transitive preferences.
• C)The paradox implies that pairwise voting sometimes (but not always) fails to produce transitive preferences, and the voting by Allen, Brian, and Cody fails to produce transitive preferences.
• D)The paradox does not apply to the case at hand, because Brian's preferences are not individually transitive.

Understand the concept of sampling error and its implications for research accuracy.

Distinguish between directional and nondirectional research hypotheses.

Describe the concept of generalizability and its importance in research studies.

Define and differentiate between null hypothesis and research (alternative) hypothesis.

---

Definitions:

Neurogenesis

Generating fresh neuronal cells in the brain.

Social Support

Assistance and comfort received from friends, family, and others, which can be emotional, informational, or practical.

Optimism

The tendency to maintain a hopeful and positive outlook on life and the future, even in the face of adversity.

Serotonin Activity

The biochemical actions and reactions related to serotonin, a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in mood regulation, appetite, and sleep among other functions.