All of the Following Are True About Both Primary and Secondary

question 7

Multiple Choice

All of the following are true about both primary and secondary succession except

• A) both lead to a stable climax community.
• B) both include a progression of changes in the community over time.
• C) both occur in regions where soil is already present.
• D) for both communities, fungi and vascular seedless plants are typically the first species to colonize the area.
• E) both are colonized first by opportunistic species.

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Definitions:

Expected Value

The weighted average of all possible outcomes of a random variable, with weights being their respective probabilities of occurrence.

Weighted Average

A calculation that takes into account the different weights or importance of some elements in a data set, providing a mean value that reflects these weights.

Standard Deviation

A numerical indicator that calculates the degree of spread or deviation of data points from their average.

Payoffs

The outcomes or benefits received from a particular action or decision, often used in the context of game theory.