Use This Information for Question That Refer to the United

question 39

Multiple Choice

Use this information for question that refer to the United Tools case. Terry Harter is marketing manager for United Tools and Mike O'Reilly is the firm's logistics manager. They work together to make decisions about how to get United's hand and power tools to its customers--a mix of manufacturing plants and final consumers (who buy United tools at a hardware store) . United Tools does not own its own transport facilities and it works with wholesalers to reach its business customers.
Together, Harter and O'Reilly try to coordinate transporting, storing, and product handling activities to minimize cost while still achieving the customer service level their customers and intermediaries want. This usually requires that United keep an inventory of most of its products on hand, but demand for its products is fairly consistent over time so inventory is easy to manage.
Harter has identified four options for physical distribution systems she could use to reach two of her key wholesalers, Ralston Supply and Ricotta Tool Co. The total cost for each option--and the distribution service levels that can be achieved--are as follows:
Ralston Supply expects a very high level (90 percent) of distribution customer service. Ricotta Tool Co. is willing to settle for a 70 percent customer service level, even if that means some products will occasionally be out of stock, if it gets products at a lower price.
For its large retail hardware customers (like Home Depot) , United regularly ships smaller orders directly to individual stores or in some cases to the retail chain's warehouses. Cross-country shipments usually go by rail while regional shipments usually go by truck.
It appears that United Tools:
$\begin{array}{lrl}\text { Main feature of system: }&\text { Total Cost }&\text { Distribution Service Level }\\1.\text { Airfreight } & \$ 1,000,000 & 95 \text { percent } \\2.\text { Inland waterways } & \$ 300,000 & 60 \text { percent } \\3.\text { Trucks } & \$ 500,000 & 70 \text { percent } \\4.\text { Rail and regional } & \$ 650,000 & 80 \text { percent } \\\text { warehouses } & &\end{array}$

• A) is implementing the physical distribution concept.
• B) works to provide just-in-time delivery to both of its wholesalers.
• C) needs to buy its own fleet of trucks.
• D) uses the distribution system with the lowest transportation cost.
• E) all of these alternatives are logical.

---

Definitions:

Mail Fraud

A criminal act involving the use of postal or electronic mail services to carry out schemes devised to defraud or obtain money or property under false pretenses.

False Pretenses

A legal term referring to the act of deliberately misrepresenting facts to unlawfully gain money, property, or services from another.

Medicare

A federal health insurance program in the United States for people aged 65 and older, as well as for some younger individuals with disabilities.

Federal Constitutional Rights

Rights granted to citizens by the U.S. Constitution that are protected from governmental infringement.