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Consider two firms, Firm X and Firm Y, that have identical assets that generate identical cash flows. Firm Y is an all-equity firm, with 1 million shares outstanding that trade for a price of $24 per share. Firm X has 2 million shares outstanding and $12 million in debt at an interest rate of 5%.
-Assume that MM's perfect capital markets conditions are met and that you can borrow and lend at the same 5% rate as Firm X. You have $5000 of your own money to invest and you plan on buying Firm Y stock. Using homemade leverage, how much do you need to borrow in your margin account so that the payoff of your margined purchase of Firm Y stock will be the same as a $5,000 investment in Firm X stock?
Book Value
The net value of an asset or a company, calculated by subtracting liabilities from assets, often used to assess if a stock is under or overvalued.
Residual Value
The projected worth of an asset upon reaching the end of its serviceable duration.
Straight-Line Depreciation
A method of allocating the cost of a tangible asset over its useful life in equal annual amounts, simplifying accounting processes.
Accumulated Depreciation
The total amount of a tangible asset's cost that has been expensed since the asset was put into use, often shown on the balance sheet as a reduction from the asset's historical cost.
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