Which of the Following Is NOT Required to Establish Promissory Estoppel

question 43

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT required to establish promissory estoppel?

• A)a promise made by the defendant
• B)a promise made by the plaintiff in response to the defendant's promise
• C)reliance on the defendant's promise
• D)All of these are required.

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Definitions:

Experimental Studies

Research methodologies that involve the manipulation of variables to observe the effect on another variable, typically within a controlled environment.

Causality

The relationship between cause and effect where one event (the cause) leads to the outcome (the effect), fundamental to scientific and philosophical inquiry.

Longitudinal Research

A research design that involves repeated observations of the same variables, such as people or situations, over a period of time, ranging from several years to decades.

Observing

The act of carefully watching someone or something, often to gain information.