Antonio,a Sixth-Grader,has Just Brought Home a 30-Word Spelling Test on Which

question 74

Multiple Choice

Antonio,a sixth-grader,has just brought home a 30-word spelling test on which he spelled only 15 words correctly.If Antonio's parents want to effectively encourage higher levels of achievement in their son,they should tell him

• A) "What's important is that you do your best always."
• B) "Try to raise your next test score 5 points by typing your new spelling words into our computer."
• C) "Test performance is often unrelated to how much you actually learned."
• D) "If you don't perform better on your next test,you won't be allowed to watch television before bedtime."

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Definitions:

Ingroup/Outgroup Bias

The tendency to favor and extend loyalty to members of one's own group (the ingroup) while discriminating against members of other groups (the outgroup).

Stereotype

A stereotype is a fixed, generalized belief about a particular group or class of people.

Subtyping

The cognitive process of creating subcategories within a broader category based on the recognition of differences that distinguish members of various subgroups.

Modern Racism

Subtle forms of prejudice that coexist with the rejection of racist beliefs.