If Those with Low Self-Esteem Are Also Particularly Likely to Suffer

question 30

Multiple Choice

If those with low self-esteem are also particularly likely to suffer from depression,this would not necessarily indicate that low self-esteem triggers negative emotions because

• A) sampling extreme cases leads to false generalizations.
• B) a placebo effect may be operating.
• C) association does not prove causation.
• D) confounding variables may have an effect.

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Definitions:

Socially Desirable

Refers to actions or policies that are considered beneficial to the wider community or society as a whole.

Payoff Matrix

A table that shows the potential outcomes (or payoffs) for different actions taken by players in a strategic game, outlining the results for each combination of choices.

Dominant Strategy

A strategy in game theory that results in the best outcome for a player, regardless of the strategies chosen by other players.

Alpha and Beta

Measures used in finance: Alpha indicates the performance of an investment relative to a benchmark, whereas Beta measures the volatility of an investment relative to the market.