Different Concentrations of Ions on Either Side of a Cell

question 10

Multiple Choice

Different concentrations of ions on either side of a cell membrane constitute a concentration cell, which is described by the Nernst equation given below. A cell must expend energy to maintain this concentration gradient by moving ions from one side of the membrane to the other. How much energy must be expended to transport 1 mole of sodium ions across a membrane when the sodium ion concentration is 0.10 M on one side of the membrane and 0.010 M on the other side, and the temperature is 37°C (body temperature) ? (Given: Na⁺ + e^- a, = -2.71 V; F = 96,485 C; 1 J = 1 C V; R = 8.315 J / mol K)

• A) 50 kJ
• B) 260 kJ
• C) 6.0 kJ
• D) 250 kJ
• E) 6000 kJ

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Definitions:

Improper Fractions

Ratios in which the top number is equal to or larger than the bottom number.

Lowest Terms

The simplest form of a fraction, where the numerator and denominator are reduced to their smallest possible values by dividing both by their greatest common divisor.

Mixed Numbers

Mixed Numbers are numbers consisting of an integer and a fraction, commonly used in mathematics to represent sums of whole numbers and fractions.

Improper Fractions

A fraction in which the top number exceeds the bottom number, indicating it represents a whole number plus a fraction.