Hayley Was Unable to Negotiate the Desired Percentage of Increase

question 21

Multiple Choice

Hayley was unable to negotiate the desired percentage of increase in wages for the members of the union but was able to improve working conditions, benefits, and flexible working hours. She feels the members will be satisfied and the union calls for a secret-ballot vote to approve the negotiated agreement with management. What is this formally called?

• A) Approval
• B) Consent
• C) Authorization
• D) Ratification
• E) Endorsement

---

Definitions:

Continuous Probability

Describes the likelihood of outcomes in situations where the range of possible values is an interval, allowing for any value within the range.

Discrete Random Variable

A variable that takes on a countable number of distinct values, often representing outcomes of a random process.

Expected Value

This is the mean of a random variable, representing the average outcome we would expect to see if we could repeat an experiment an infinite number of times.

Variance

A measure of the dispersion or spread of a set of data points, indicating how much the values differ from the mean of the set.