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Refer to the Scenario Below to Answer the Following Questions

question 9

Multiple Choice

Refer to the scenario below to answer the following questions.
Sources of Leader Power (Scenario)
Rachel is confused. As the new department manager, she had hoped that everyone would acknowledge her authority and respect her decisions. However, she has noticed that some of her employees seem to have nearly as much power as she does. For example, everyone seems to go to Helen whenever they have a question about the computer system. Helen helped with the design and implementation of the system, and employees find that she can usually correct problems faster than the system support staff. Then there is a sales representative named Joe who has a remarkable amount of charm and charisma. He is liked and admired by everyone, and seems to have a power based simply upon ''being himself.'' Then there is Jill, her secretary, who also seems to have a lot of power. All employees have to record timecards, and it is Jill's responsibility to turn in the timecards every week. Occasionally, Rachel has seen Jill override the time clock to record an employee in earlier than they actually arrived or out later than they actually left. When Rachel questioned her about it, Jill just laughed and said it had been a common practice for years. Since the company did not pay overtime, she was merely adjusting the time cards to informally compensate those who put in extra time. Although Rachel was skeptical about this practice, Jill insisted that it was all right because the timecards always averaged out. As Rachel considered these and other events in her department, she began to wonder if she had any power at all!
-Joe possesses __________ power.

Definitions:

Testable Propositions

Statements or hypotheses that can be empirically tested through observation or experimentation to evaluate their validity.

Principles

Fundamental truths or propositions that serve as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior or for a chain of reasoning.

Behavioral Predictions

The process of forecasting individual or group behaviors based on past actions, trends, or patterns.

Overconfidence

The tendency to hold too strong a belief in one's own abilities, judgments, or predictions, often leading to errors or mistakes.