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List and Discuss Criticisms of Formal Planning

question 148

Essay

List and discuss criticisms of formal planning.


Definitions:

Mainstream Environmentalism

Beginning in the 1970s, the third stage of the environmental movement; characterized by enhanced organization, improved promotional campaigns and political tactics, and an increased reliance on economic and scientific expertise.

Grassroots Environmentalism

An environmental movement that starts at the local level with individuals or small groups advocating for environmental protection and changes in environmental policy.

Sustainable Development

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, emphasizing a balance between economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity.

Conservation

The protection, preservation, management, or restoration of natural environments, ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife.

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