An Increased Number of Patients Have Recently Been Diagnosed with Celiac

question 27

Multiple Choice

An increased number of patients have recently been diagnosed with celiac disease, which you may know of as gluten sensitivity (OMIM 212750) . It is a multifactorial disorder of the small intestine influenced by genes and environment, and it is characterized by malabsorption due to inflammation of the mucosa after eating wheat gluten or related proteins. It is now thought to occur in 1 out of 120 to 300 people. Genes found to be associated with it are in the HLA region of chromosome 6, namely DR3 and DQw2. Which of the following is more probable?

• A)It is an autoimmune disorder.
• B)It is caused by exposure to gluten in infancy.
• C)It has high broad-sense heritability.
• D)Its frequency varies greatly by population.
• E)It is found primarily in inbred populations.

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Definitions:

Context Effects

The influence of environmental factors on one's perception, cognition, or behavior.

Perceptual Set

A readiness to perceive a stimulus in a particular way, influenced by expectations, emotions, and cultural background.

Infectious Disease

Diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi; these diseases can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another.

Aches And Pains

General and nonspecific discomforts or soreness often associated with overexertion, stress, or minor health issues.