Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 23

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario II
Scenario II is based on fabricated data inspired by the following study:
Carton, J. S. & Schweitzer, J. B. (1996) . Use of a token economy to increase compliance during hemodialysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 29, 111-113.
Increasing Hemodialysis Compliance
The purpose of this study was to increase a 10-year-old's compliance with daily hemodialysis treatments for his end-stage renal failure. The daily treatment took approximately 4 hours to complete, and throughout the treatment the child would hit, kick, and scream at hospital staff. The researchers decided to try to reduce his outbursts and increase treatment compliance. The researchers began by observing the child for five consecutive days, during which they recorded up to eight noncompliant behaviors every 30 minutes during the 4-hour treatment. The intervention phase was implemented over the next 10 days. It involved giving the child a token for every 30 minutes during the 4-hour hemodialysis procedure that he was not defiant. The tokens could be redeemed for prizes. During the intervention the number of defiant episodes reduced such that at the end he was 100% compliant. Tokens were not given over the next 5 days and behavior resumed to levels observed at the start of the study. When tokens were re-introduced the child quickly adjusted his behavior such that compliance was again at 100%.
-(Scenario II) The study described in Scenario II uses a _____ design.

• A) one-factor design
• B) mixed design
• C) single-subject design
• D) between-subjects design

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Definitions:

Medical Care

Professional services provided by healthcare practitioners aimed at maintaining, improving, or managing health.

Legally Obligated

Bound by law to perform a particular action or adhere to a set of rules or outcomes.

Basic Need

Fundamental requirements that sustain human life, such as food, water, shelter, and safety.

Shelter

A structure or place providing protection from weather, danger, or discomfort; it can also refer to organizations offering refuge to the homeless or abused.