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Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 92

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
Scenario I is presents fabricated data inspired by the following study:
Witte, V., Kerti, L., Marguelies, D. S. & Floel, A. (2014) . Effects of resveratrol on memory performance, hippocampal function connectivity, and glucose metabolism in healthy older adults. The Journal of Neuroscience, 34(23) , 7862-7870.
Red Wine and Chocolate Improve Memory
Studies from animal models suggest resveratrol, a compound found in things like chocolate and red wine, improves cognitive function. In 2014, Witte and colleagues examined whether this was also true for humans. To that end, they conducted a study to assess memory in 46 older adults before and after a 13-week treatment that involved taking a pill daily that contained either 200 mg of resveratrol (experimental group) or an inactive ingredient (control group) . Before performing a t-test to determine whether memory differed between the two groups, descriptive statistics were conducted. The researchers examined each participant's score relative to the mean score of their group. They identified one participant in the experimental group whose memory performance was four standard deviations above the mean and decided to remove his score from the inferential analysis. The t-test revealed that memory recall and recognition was statistically greater in those who had received resveratrol than in those who received the placebo. These results suggest that red wine and chocolate may improve memory.
-(Scenario I) Although the results of the study described in Scenario I suggest that that drinking red wine is beneficial to cognitive function, you are cautious of beginning to drink heavily because other studies have associated heavy alcohol intake with alcohol dependence, dementia, and cirrhosis of the liver. This type of thinking is best described as:

Definitions:

Society Transmits Knowledge

The process through which societies pass on knowledge, values, and traditions from one generation to the next, often via institutions, family, and education.

Disenfranchisement

The removal of rights, particularly the right to vote, from a person or a group of people.

Convicted Felons

Individuals who have been formally found guilty by a court of a felony, which is a crime typically considered more serious than a misdemeanor.

Citizens United

A landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that ruled in favor of allowing corporations and unions to spend unlimited amounts of money on political campaigns.